透明質(zhì)酸鈉不與蛋白質(zhì)共價結(jié)合,但廣泛分布于結(jié)締組織中。在化學中,透明質(zhì)酸是一種具有-COOH和-OH官能團的親水性大分子。其在水中的溶解度高,可形成高粘度溶液,由此顯示出它的獨特粘彈性。透明質(zhì)酸鈉可以形成分子內(nèi)氫鍵,從而形成三維結(jié)構(gòu),所以在其結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)捕獲水分并形成凝膠。透明質(zhì)酸鈉也可以參與反應(yīng)或交聯(lián),但部分大分子或中分子物質(zhì)難以穿透皮膚滲透至其作用區(qū)域,或?qū)ζ溽尫潘俾屎蜁r間有一定的要求,從而調(diào)整其化學性質(zhì)和耐水溶解性。捕獲的水量約為其重量的1000倍。透明質(zhì)酸鈉的溶液和凝膠通常用作皮膚填充劑。注射后,可以恢復(fù)皮膚體積并盡量減少皺紋的出現(xiàn),也是化妝品配方,醫(yī)療和美容原料中非常有效和安全的成分。
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