中國(guó):可作為保健食品原料和藥物使用[2],目前鹽酸氨基葡萄糖有專屬的藥品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
美國(guó):氨基葡萄糖鹽酸鹽是美國(guó)國(guó)家營(yíng)養(yǎng)中心協(xié)會(huì)(NNFA)批準(zhǔn)的膳食補(bǔ)充劑。美國(guó)藥典 USP-NF 收錄了氨基葡萄糖鹽酸鹽、氨基葡萄糖片劑、氨基葡萄糖&氨基葡萄糖軟骨素&二甲基砜片劑等標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[3]。
歐盟:對(duì)氨基葡萄糖的健康聲稱進(jìn)行評(píng)估后,認(rèn)為現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)尚不完全支持氨基葡萄糖對(duì)維持關(guān)節(jié)健康的聲稱[4.5]。
加拿大:氨基葡萄糖鹽酸鹽被列入加拿大自然存在的健康產(chǎn)品,可作為膳食補(bǔ)充劑使用,可使用的功能聲稱為維持軟骨健康和有助于關(guān)節(jié)健康6.7]。
澳洲:將氨基葡萄糖鹽酸鹽納入補(bǔ)充藥物(Complementary medicine)目錄,可用于保健食品原料[8]。
日本:葡糖胺鹽酸鹽屬于“除非表明藥品的功效效果,否則不判斷為藥品的成分本質(zhì)(原材料)”。氨基葡萄糖鹽類可以作為食品原料,對(duì)骨關(guān)節(jié)炎可能有效。適當(dāng)攝取可能是健康的,孕婦和乳母應(yīng)避免使用。源自海洋生物的氨基葡萄糖類有可能在甲殼類過敏的人身上引發(fā)過敏反應(yīng)[9]。
參考文獻(xiàn):
【1】氨基葡萄糖類物質(zhì)在保健食品中的應(yīng)用及研究進(jìn)展[J].遲海林,李菲菲,張李偉,姜雨2022,(1):1-11
【2】 AUTHORITY E. Scientific Opinion on the safety of caffeine[J]. Efsa Journal, 2016, 13(5):4102-4102.
【3】國(guó)家食品藥品監(jiān)督管理局保健食品化妝品監(jiān)管司.關(guān)于征求《已使用保健食品原料名稱目錄(第二批)》(征求意見稿)意見的函.食藥監(jiān)?;?/span>[2012]322 號(hào).2012-7-6.[Department of Health Food and Cosmetics Supervision, State Food and Drug Administration.
Letter on Solicitation of Opinions on the Catalogue of the Names of Used Health Food Raw Materials (Second Batch) (Draft for Comments). Food and Drug Administration Baohuahan [2012] No. 322. 2012 -7-6.]
【4】The United States Pharmacopeial Convention. United States Pharmacopoeia 40/National Formulary 35 [S]. Washington: The United States Pharmacopeial Convention, 2016.
【5】European Food Safety Authority. Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to glucosamine and maintenance of joints pursuant to Article 13(5) of Regulation (EC)No 1924/2006 [J]. EFSA Journal, 2011, 9 (12): 2476.
【6】European Food Safety Authority. Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to glucosamine and maintenance of normal joint cartilage pursuant to Article 13(5) of Regulation (EC)No 1924/2006 [J]. EFSA Journal, 2012, 10 (5): 2691.
【7】HealthCanada.GLUCOSAMINEHYDROCHLORIDE[EB/OL].(2008-12-19)[2022-4-19].
http://webprod.hc-sc.gc.ca/nhpid-bdipsn/atReq.do?atid=glucosamine.hydrochloride&lang=eng.
【8】Health Canada. GLUCOSAMINE SULFATE [EB/OL]. (2022-04-09) [2022-4-19].
http://webprod.hc-sc.gc.ca/nhpid-bdipsn/at Req.do?atid=glucosamine.sulfate&lang=eng.
【9】Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Health and Aged Care. Therapeutic Goods Act 1989[EB/OL]. (2000-03-22) [2022-4-19].
https://www.tga.gov.au/legislation-listing/therapeutic-goods-listing-notice-2000-no-1.